How to Register a Private Limited Company in India
In this guide
Step-by-step Process
Obtain Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)
All proposed directors must get a Class 3 DSC from a government-certified authority (eMudhra, Sify, or NSDL). DSC is required for digitally signing MCA forms. Cost: ₹1,000–₹2,500. Takes 1–2 days.
Apply for Director Identification Number (DIN)
Each director needs a DIN, obtained via the SPICe+ form on the MCA portal. Alternatively, DIN can be applied for through DIR-3 KYC. You need PAN, Aadhaar, and address proof. DIN is free for first-time directors using SPICe+.
Reserve Company Name via RUN-Web
File the Reserve Unique Name (RUN) web service on mca.gov.in with 2 proposed names. Names must not resemble existing companies. The approved name is reserved for 20 days. Fee: ₹1,000 per application.
File SPICe+ Form for Incorporation
Submit the SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically) form on MCA portal with draft Memorandum of Association (MoA) and Articles of Association (AoA). This also applies for PAN, TAN, and GSTIN simultaneously.
Receive Certificate of Incorporation
Upon verification, the Registrar of Companies issues the Certificate of Incorporation (CoI) with a unique Corporate Identification Number (CIN). This is your company's birth certificate. Open a company bank account with the CoI and proceed to business.
Documents Required
- ✓PAN card of all proposed directors
- ✓Aadhaar card of all proposed directors
- ✓Proof of registered office address (utility bill not older than 2 months)
- ✓No Objection Certificate (NOC) from owner if office is on rent
- ✓Passport-size photographs of directors
- ✓DSC (Digital Signature Certificate) of all directors
Official Government Portals
Common Questions
What is the minimum capital required to start a Pvt Ltd company?
There is no minimum capital requirement for a Private Limited Company in India since 2015. You can incorporate with even ₹1 as authorised capital. However, you must have paid-up capital that is practically sufficient to run the business.
How many directors are required for a Pvt Ltd company?
A Private Limited Company requires a minimum of 2 directors and 2 shareholders (can be the same persons). Maximum 200 shareholders are allowed. At least one director must be a resident of India (stayed in India for 182+ days in the previous calendar year).
What are annual compliance requirements for a Pvt Ltd?
Annual compliance includes: filing MCA annual return (MGT-7), filing financial statements (AOC-4), holding Annual General Meeting (AGM), board meetings, statutory audit, income tax return, and GST returns. Non-compliance attracts heavy penalties.
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